Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Haploinsufficiency of Syngap1 in Striatal Indirect Pathway Neurons Alters Motor and Goal-Directed Behaviors in Mice

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1264-23.2024

Figure Lengend Snippet: SynGAP reduction leads to increased lever pressing and altered goal-directed responding in an operant conditioning task. a , Schematic and timeline of the random ratio operant conditioning task. b–d , Operant task performance for Syngap1 +/+ (WT, n = 15) and Syngap1 +/lx-st (Het, n = 13) mice. b , Number of lever presses per minute across sessions (mean ± SEM). CRF, continuous reinforcement schedule; RR, random ratio schedule. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA: day × genotype p < 0.0001, F (8,208) = 5.814; day p < 0.0001, F (1.896,49.30) = 92.69; genotype p = 0.0036, F (1,26) = 10.24; subject p < 0.0001, F (26,208) = 5.680. c , Number of lever presses on the devalued versus valued session for each mouse. Bars represent the mean. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test: WT devalued versus valued, p = 0.0002; Het devalued versus valued, p = 0.0942. d , Devaluation index (mean ± SEM, dots represent values for individual mice). Two-tailed Mann–Whitney test, p = 0.0796, U = 59. e–g , Operant task performance for Syngap1 +/+ ;Drd1-Cre + or Syngap1 +/+ or fl/+ or fl/fl ;Drd1-Cre − (WT, n = 12) and Syngap1 fl/+ ;Drd1-Cre + (Het, n = 17) mice. e , Number of lever presses per minute across sessions (mean ± SEM). Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA: day × genotype p = 0.0660, F (8,216) = 1.870; day p < 0.0001, F (2.065,55.76) = 76.77; genotype p = 0.1332, F (1,27) = 2.397; subject p < 0.0001, F (27,216) = 6.007. f , Number of lever presses on the devalued versus valued session for each mouse. Bars represent the mean. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test: WT devalued versus valued, p = 0.0010; Het devalued versus valued, p = 0.0241. g , Devaluation index (mean ± SEM, dots represent values for individual mice). Mann–Whitney test, p = 0.2405, U = 75. h–j , Operant task performance for Syngap1 +/+ ;Adora2a-Cre + or Syngap1 +/+ or fl/+ or fl/fl ;Adora2a-Cre − (WT, n = 10) and Syngap1 fl/+ ;Adora2a-Cre + (Het, n = 11) mice. h , Number of lever presses per minute across sessions (mean ± SEM). Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA: day × genotype p = 0.0012, F (8,152) = 3.432; day p < 0.0001, F (2.304,43.77) = 51.94; genotype p = 0.0556, F (1,19) = 4.157; subject p < 0.0001, F (19,152) = 7.531. i , Number of lever presses on the devalued versus valued session for each mouse. Bars represent the mean. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test: WT devalued versus valued, p = 0.0020; Het devalued versus valued, p = 0.0723. j , Devaluation index (mean ± SEM, dots represent values for individual mice). Mann–Whitney test, p = 0.0101, U = 19.

Article Snippet: Animals were food restricted to ∼95% of their body weight before commencing training in operant conditioning chambers (Med Associates #ENV-307A).

Techniques: Two Tailed Test, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Haploinsufficiency of Syngap1 in Striatal Indirect Pathway Neurons Alters Motor and Goal-Directed Behaviors in Mice

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1264-23.2024

Figure Lengend Snippet: Additional analysis of operant conditioning behavior. a–c , Operant task performance for Syngap1 +/+ (WT, n = 15) and Syngap1 +/lx-st (Het, n = 13) mice. a , Lever presses per minute for the three continuous reinforcement (CRF) trials (CRF5, 15 and 30). Dots represent values for individual mice and horizontal lines represent the group median. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA p values are shown: genotype × session, p = 0.8570, F (2,52) = 0.1548; session, p = 0.7715, F (1.856,48.25) = 0.2396; genotype, p = 0.0050, F (1,26) = 9.416; subject, p = 0.3727, F (26,52) = 1.103. b , Rate of head entries across training sessions (mean ± SEM). Mixed-effects analysis: day × genotype, p = 0.0572, F (8,205) = 1.930; day, p < 0.0001, F (5.179,132,7) = 8.125; genotype, p = 0.4993, F (1,26) = 0.4695. c , Correlation between lever press rate on the fourth day of RR20 training and the devaluation index for each mouse. WT Pearson's r = 0.2645, p = 0.3408; Het Pearson's r = −0.0090, p = 0.9767. d–f , Operant task performance for Syngap1 +/+ ;Drd1-Cre + or Syngap1 +/+ or fl/+ or fl/fl ;Drd1-Cre − (WT, n = 12) and Syngap1 fl/+ ;Drd1- Cre + (Het, n = 17) mice. d , Lever presses per minute for the CRF5, 15 and 30 trials. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA p values are shown: genotype × session, p = 0.5749, F (2,54) = 0.5593; session, p = 0.2499, F (1.253,33.82) = 1.413; genotype, p = 0.4782, F (1,27) = 0.5172; subject, p = 0.0434, F (27,54) = 1.730. e , Rate of head entries across training sessions (mean ± SEM). Repeated-measures two-way ANOVA: day × genotype, p = 0.3844, F (8,216) = 1.071; day, p = 0.0135, F (3.204,86.50) = 3.668; genotype, p = 0.8563, F (1,27) = 0.0335; subject, p < 0.0001, F (27,216) = 6.727. f , Correlation between lever press rate on the fourth day of RR20 training and the devaluation index for each mouse. dSPN WT Pearson's r = −0.1195, p = 0.7115; dSPN Het Pearson's r = −0.4602, p = 0.0630. g–i , Operant task performance for Syngap1 +/+ ;Adora2a-Cre + or Syngap1 +/+ or fl/+ or fl/fl ;Adora2a-Cre − (WT, n = 10) and Syngap1 fl/+ ;Adora2a-Cre + (Het, n = 11) mice. g , Lever presses per minute for the CRF5, 15 and 30 trials. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA p values are shown: genotype × session, p = 0.7165, F (2,38) = 0.3363; session, p = 0.0012, F (1.298,24.67) = 11.34; genotype, p = 0.1439, F (1,19) = 2.323; subject, p = 0.0757, F (19,38) = 1.723. h , Rate of head entries across training sessions (mean ± SEM). Repeated-measures two-way ANOVA: day × genotype, p = 0.0214, F (8,152) = 2.338; day, p = 0.0129, F (3.125,59.37) = 3.844; genotype, p = 0.1001, F (1,19) = 2.989; subject, p < 0.0001, F (19,152) = 8.802. i , Correlation between lever press rate on the fourth day of RR20 training and the devaluation index for each mouse. iSPN WT Pearson's r = 0.0101, p = 0.9979; iSPN Het Pearson's r = −0.1192, p = 0.7271.

Article Snippet: Animals were food restricted to ∼95% of their body weight before commencing training in operant conditioning chambers (Med Associates #ENV-307A).

Techniques:

Journal: Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

Article Title: Quantitative Bioluminescence Tomography for In Vivo Volumetric-Guided Radiotherapy

doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1803-5_38

Figure Lengend Snippet: The numbering of the components shown in this figure follows the order described in Subheading 2.1. (a1) Photo of the BLT system; the blue dash box layouts the light-tight enclosure and the yellow dash box shows the imaging chamber as the front part of the light-tight enclosure. (a2) is a schematic of the optical assembly, mouse bed, and 1D linear stage; the optical assembly can be docked to the mouse bed by the 1D linear stage. The optical path from the imaging plane through the 3-mirror system and selected filter to the front surface of the lens (red dash line) is 45 cm. (a3) A schematic of the configuration inside imaging chamber (yellow dash box in a1), including the layout of thermostatic system, the position of 4 LEDs, and 7 fans; (b1-2) are the photo and the detailed drawing of the mouse bed. The bed is transportable and compatible for both BLT system and SARRP. Label: (1) transportable mouse bed, (1-1) frame, (1-2) central circular plate, (1-3) nose cone, (1-4) anesthesia hose, (1-5) BBs; (2) mouse bed support; (3) light-tight enclosure (blue dash box in a1), (3-1) imaging chamber (yellow dash box in a1); (4) CCD camera; (5) lens; (6) filter wheel; (7) 3-mirror system; (8) rotary stage; (9) LED; (10) resistor; (11) thermocouple; (12) thermocouple monitor; (13) fan; (14) heat gun; (15) 1D linear stage; (16) computer console; (17) mobile cart

Article Snippet: Charge coupled device (CCD) camera (iKon-L 936, Andor Technology, Belfast, UK, 27.6 mm × 27.6 mm back-illuminated sensor at 13.5-μm pixel size, operating at −80 °C) is used for image acquisition.

Techniques: Imaging